El deporte durante la pandemia de COVID-19: reflexiones desde el Modelo Analítico de las 5 E's (Sport during the COVID-19 pandemic: reflections from the 5 E's Analytical Model)

The pandemic brought changes in various human spaces and activities, including sport. By involving voluminous financial sums, especially when we think about the sport spectacles of the main leagues on the planet, sport seems to us to have been the most "trivial” of the activities seeking to resist the changes in biological and economic risk that characterized the pandemic, with elite sports, although many disagreed, practically surviving as an essential activity. However, to surpass such obstacles, changes and adaptations proved necessary. In this essay, we use the proposal Analytical Model of the 5 E's to understand, from a comprehensive perspective of the proposed dimensions, what were the main changes that affected sport in a historical moment in which health and disease have taken center stage in our lives. We noticed changes in sports consumption, supply and demand relationships, behavioral and emotional changes in athletes and spectators, as well as health issues. Sport, as a "non-essential” activity, adapted itself to the new "normal,” driven by mercantile and spectacularization mechanisms. Alternate :La pandemia ha traído cambios en diversos espacios y actividades humanas, incluido el deporte. Al involucrar voluminosas sumas económicas, especialmente cuando pensamos en los espectáculos deportivos de las principales ligas del planeta, el deporte nos parece haber sido la más "banal” de las actividades que buscaban resistir los cambios de riesgo biológico y económico que caracterizaron la pandemia, con el deporte de alto rendimiento, aunque muchos no estaban de acuerdo, sobreviviendo prácticamente como actividad imprescindible. Sin embargo, para sobrevivir a tales obstáculos, los cambios y las adaptaciones resultaron necesarios. En este ensayo, utilizamos la propuesta del Modelo Analítico de las 5 E's para comprender, desde una perspectiva integral de las dimensiones propuestas, cuáles fueron los principales cambios que afectaron al deporte en un momento histórico en el que la salud y la enfermedad han ocupado un lugar central en nuestras vidas. Se notaron cambios en el consumo deportivo, relaciones de oferta y demanda, en los comportamientos y emociones de los atletas y espectadores, así como el cuidado de la salud corporal. El deporte, como "actividad no esencial”, se adaptó rápidamente a la nueva "normalidad”, impulsado por mecanismos de mercantilización y espectáculo.Alternate :A pandemia trouxe mudanças em diversos espaços e atividades humanas, entre elas o desporto. Ao envolver volumosas somas financeiras, principalmente quando pensamos os espetáculos esportivos das principais ligas do planeta, o desporto nos parece ter sido a mais "trivial” das atividades que buscou resistir às mudanças de risco biológico e econômico que caracterizaram a pandemia. O desporto, principalmente o de alto rendimento, ainda que muitos discordassem, praticamente sobreviveu como atividade essencial. No entanto, para ultrapassar tais obstáculos, mudanças e adequações se mostraram necessárias. Nesse ensaio, utilizamos a proposta do Modelo Analítico dos 5 E's para compreender, a partir de uma perspectiva abrangente das dimensões propostas, quais foram as principais mudanças que afetaram o desporto em um momento histórico em que saúde e doença tomaram centralidade em nossas vidas. Notou-se alterações referentes ao consumo do esporte, nas relações de oferta e de demanda, nos comportamentos e nas emoções dos atletas e dos espectadores, bem como nos cuidados com saúde corporal. O esporte, como "atividade não essencial”, rapidamente adaptou-se ao novo "normal”, impulsionado pelos mecanismos de mercantilização e espetacularização. Palavras-Chave: Desporto;Pandemia;COVID-19;Sociologia do desporto;Modelo de Análise

COVID-19 impacts on school sports events: an alternative through E-sports

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected many sectors of society, including sports. Measuring the effects of an ongoing pandemic poses a complex task, given the incipiency of government actions and studies addressing the impacts on sports. In view of this, the purpose of this commentary is to explore how COVID-19 impacted school sports policies. To this end, we analyze how the government of the State of Paraná, Brazil, has responded to the effects of the pandemic in school sports policies, as well as identifying which solutions have been outlined. Although professional sports managed to implement complex and rigorous safety protocols, these are economically unviable in school and non-profit multi-sport competitions. We found that school sports competitions have been widely affected and unable to resume due to inconsistencies and difficulties in the implementation of safety protocols appropriate to this new scenario. Another finding was the development of immediate remote alternatives (E-sports competitions), which may impact school sports and affect the reconfiguration of the sports system. In conclusion, this commentary highlighted the impacts of the pandemic on school sports as well as the actions outlined to tackle them, in particular E-sports initiatives by the government of Paraná.